Squamous cell carcinoma
DEFINITIONS
Squamous cell carcinoma is a cancer that originated from the middle layer of the epidermis.
Bowen’s disease is a form of squamous cell carcinoma limited to the epidermis and has not penetrated into the underlying tissues (dermis). Skin that is exposed to visible brown-red and scaly or scabby and flat, sometimes resembling spots on psoriasis, dermatitis or fungal infections.
CAUSE
More than 90% of skin cancers grow in areas exposed to sunlight or other ultraviolet light.
This is apparently the primary cause of all types of skin cancer.
Other risk factors are:
1. Genetic factors (skin cancer is more common in those light-skinned, blue or green eyes and blond or red hair)
2. Pollution by chemicals
3. Excessive exposure by X-ray or other radiation
SYMPTOMS
Squamous cell carcinoma usually develops on skin exposed to sunlight, but can also grow on the skin anywhere or in specific places (eg the tongue or lining of the mouth).
This cancer can grow on normal skin or skin damaged by sun exposure (actinic keratoses).
Squamous cell carcinoma begins as a scaly reddish area with a surface scab that does not go away. Then the tumor will grow to stand out, sometimes the surface resembles a wart. Cancer eventually becomes an open wound and grow into the tissue beneath.
Most squamous cell carcinomas affect only the area around it, which penetrate into the surrounding tissue. But sometimes spread to distant places (metastases), which can be fatal.
DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosis based on symptoms.
To distinguish skin cancer from other diseases, performed a biopsy (tissue sampling for examination with a microscope).
TREATMENT
Squamous cell carcinoma and Bowen disease treated with the tumor, either by kuretasi and elektrodesikasi or cut by scalpel.
Actinic keratoses can turn into squamous cell carcinoma. Actinic keratoses were destroyed with a solution of nitrogen or creams fluorouracil .
PREVENTION
Protect your skin from the sun using hats, long sleeved shirts, long pants or long skirts.
Sunlight is the most powerful in daylight, so avoid the sun during the day.
Use high-quality sunscreen (minimum SPF 15).
Apply sunscreen at least half an hour before sunlight exposure and repeat as often as possible.
Check your skin regularly, things that need to be suspected are:
1. The presence of new growth that forms an ulcer or slow healing
2. Change the color, size and structure of growth in the skin or the inflammation, pain, itching or bleeding
3. Skin wound in an asymmetrical, irregular boundary edges, the color is more than one type or diameter greater than 6 mm.
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